Saturday, December 30, 2017

Portfolio Update : December 2017

  The month of December is now behind us. The markets keep marching to new highs. The S&P 500 finished 2017 up 19.42%.  The TSX Composite Index finished 2017 up 6.03%.  The TSX Composite Index consists of a lot of energy stocks which continue to struggle as the price of oil starts to climb towards $60 per barrel of WTI crude oil.  The drilling activity in Canada is slow still as companies in this space are struggling with falling qualified workers as previous workers are hesitant to return to the industry.

    I purchased 100 shares of Restaurant Brands International (QSR.TO) at $76.90 per share for a total cost $7994.95 including commissions.  Restaurant Brands International is the parent company of Burger King, Tim Horton's, and Popeye's Restaurants.  Currently, QSR.TO pays an annual dividend of $0.84 paid in US dollars.

   I sold 1 covered call contract in QSR.TO at $78 and a Jan 19 2018.  The net premium received was $59.05.

  My short put in Canadian National Railway (CNR.TO) expired on December 15 2017 as the stock traded well above $96 per share.

  Up until this week, the weather in Canada and the United States has been above average for this time of year.  The pipelines are full which has lead to over supply. This has caused the price of Natural Gas to decrease.  Although, Canada has been in a major cold snap during the past week but we are expected to have below normal temperatures for this winter.   Yesterday,  BNN talked about Natural Gas and the outlook for 2018.

   During the month I added to my TFSA position in HNY.TO.  This is Horizon's Natural Gas Yield ETF.  I now own 121 units of HNY.TO and the average cost basis is $12.10 per unit.  I will continue to hold this position for the time being.  The distribution varies month to month for this position.

Click to Enlarge


Shares Purchased Via DRIP

1 unit  of  CUF.UN.TO  @ $14.18 for a total cost of $14.18.
1 unit of  CUF.UN.TO @ $14.33 for a total cost of $14.33.

Cominar REIT (CUF.UN.TO) pays twice in December.  First payment is around the middle of the month (which is there usual payment) and the second being on the last business day of the money.  Due to them having 2 payments in December, there is no payment in middle of January.  The reason they pay out the last day of December for tax reporting purposes. Not all REITs do this double payment in December. 


As of  Dec 30 2017,  the value of the portfolio is $110781.18. This is a 0.749% decrease  over last month's total.  The spreadsheet in the investment tab above has been updated.

Disclosure:  Own 38 shares of CNR.TO in TFSA account

Disclosure: Long CUF.UN.TO, CNR.TO, QSR.TO, HNY.TO

Please Note:  All stocks are from the Toronto Stock Exchange except TTR which trades on the Venture Exchange.
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DISCLAIMER
I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.

Wednesday, December 27, 2017

Why Pay Yourself First Is So Valuable?

         The last think we thought about when we kids was saving moving.  For the majority of us, that was the farthest thing from our mind.  Why was that?  The most of us learned money from our parents as money is not taught in school. Like most parents, my parents never talked about money at the dinner table.  In fact, my parents never invested a single cent in their lives.  When I was growing up, my father worked in the coal mines and my mother was a stay at home mom.  Both of my parents struggle with money nowadays.
         I think parents who do not teach their kids about money at an early age these days are putting their kids at a huge disadvantage in the future. With the cost of tuition these days increasing greater than the rate of inflation, the cost of tuition in going to be astronomical by the time a kid turns 18.  Tuition is not going up that high?  Well, the tuition is going up for a variety of reasons.  Faculty strikes at universities use to be rare.  I remember being at Dalhousie University in Halifax, and the teachers went on strikes like 3 weeks before final exams.  So all classes were cancelled in most cases.  One of my professors actually taught during the strike. This prof told us, "You guys are paying for this course, so I do think it is right that you miss out on material". The strike ended a few days before end of classes and prior to the start of final exams.
         A lot of parents these days have given allowances to their kids growing up.  Almost all kids would spend this on junkfood and on entertainment in their teens.  A lot of teenagers try to find jobs while in secordary school or high school.  Most of the time the teenagers blow their money on having fun.  A parent needs to show their kids that there are more ways to make money than a job.  My parents generation consisted of the father working and the mother staying home to take care of the kids and the house.  Nowadays, almost 99% if the time involve both parents NEEDING to work for the family to make ends meet.
       Parents need to lead by example.  A lot of people have heard of the book called "The Richest Man in Babylon" by George Clason.  One of the lessons in this book is to pay yourself first at minimum 10% whatever income you earn.  This payment should occur before your pay your mortgage or rent, buy groceries, etc.  Often pay try to pay themselves last. The thing with paying yourself last, is more often than not, there is no money left at the end of the month.  Also, people are under the impression that if they buy a coffee or eat out, that they are treating themselves.  When you do these activities you are actually paying the coffee shop or the restaurant and not yourself.
         A person's reaction is a phrase such as, " I have bills that must be paid!!" . Paying bills is important.  If you do not pay yourself first, then you will never get ahead.  It is often noted that 70% of americans are living paycheck to paycheck.  When you start of paying yourself at minimum 10%, the money will not grow by much at the beginning.  But your money will start to work for you.  Then you can use this money along with the money you deposit to make more money.  Albert Einstein has stated, "The eighth wonder of the world is compound interest"
         Some people have said that you do not make any money when you do not pay yourself first.  Think of it this way.  What percentage of income per hour to you think you are worth when working at your job?

How Does This Work For Kids

       Kids are not allowed to work at jobs in Canada unless they fall under the exceptions. Kids can work in a family owned business or they can start a business at any age.  If the kids received money on their birthdays or special occasions, then the parents should help them decide what to with that money.  A portion of the money should go to savings, investing and charity or tithing.  This will instill good habits in their kids.
       For our generation and all future generations, the days of job security are over.  No matter what type of work that you do, the job "at the factory from age 18 to age 65" does not exist anymore.
        See, a person can increase their income by other means besides a job.  Paying Yourself First allows for building an emergency fund, start a business, or investing account.  Your income is the main wealth builder in your life.  Not only does job security not exist anymore, but an individual is almost 99% guaranteed to be responsible for their own retirement.  Years ago, companies had defined benefit pensions for their employees.  The companies, for the most part, have done away with the defined benefit pensions at is cost them so much money.  The employee would receive a pension check until they die. Nowadays, a person needs to think about retirement at a very young age.  You have to make better choices on how and who you spend your time with while going through life.
          If you have money coming besides the money from working at a job, you will be better able to navigate the storm due to a job loss.  A lot of people will not even touch the money generated through a side hustle or investing. This allows the money to compound faster and possibly become financially independent well before the normal age of retirement.
             
More Reasons To Pay Yourself First?

        There are tonnes of benefits of paying yourself first.  One of the major benefits is the ability to sleep better a night.  You will be able to sleep better at night as your are more financially stable.  Just think about a time when you were flat broke and had no choice to go to a job that you hate. 
        Money is actually the major reason for divorces and fights in marriages and relationships.  People often say money is not important to them and they are not interested in money.  Every thing in life has money involved in it somehow.  Having less money leads to stress.  If a couple has a well funded emergency plan and live within there means, they are often less stressed and happy in the relationship.  An emergency is going to happen when you least expect it. A emergency could be car breaking down, furnace breaking down, a sudden job loss or an illness.

Conclusion:

         Paying yourself first is essential to you own financial well being. Losing a job can be tough and there is  a lot more people competing with you for the exact same new job you are looking forward.  Our parents generation had it rather easy compared to our generation.  In Canada, we have people with a degree or two, that are struggling to find  a job.
         Money is not the most important thing in life.  Money is a tool that will help you in all areas of your life.  You can not put a price on having piece of mind. Some people are so stressed out that they HAVE to go away on vacation.  Would the vacation be more enjoyable and relaxing if you did not put in a credit card that can not be paided in full prior to interest changes being applied?
          While paying yourself first and you still come up short, take it as a sign.  The sign would to do something to increase your income and/or reduce your expenses.  This might be a side hustle, a second job, another job or working overtime.

DISCLAIMER
I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.


Saturday, December 23, 2017

Why Do People Trade?

      When an individual starts a job or a business, they sometimes decide to start on their journey with savings.  But, they quickly realize that the interest paid to them is so low that it is actually laughable.  In fact, a saver is losing money as the interest rate is less than  rate of inflation.

    A person starts to look into more avenues to get a better return on their money.  Two of these methods are investing and trading in the stock market.  People often confuse these as the same thing.  Investing is purchasing assets for the purpose of growing wealth.  On the other had, trading is a zero sum game.  When you trade you are looking for profits either buy low sell high or sell high buy low.  The former is the normal way to purchase whereas the latter is shorting a position.

    When a person invests, they buy a market instrument with the intention of holding it for a long time.  These market instruments are things such as bonds, stocks, REITs, ETFs, mutual funds, or debentures.  Some of these instruments pay the investor via a dividend, distribution, or interest. These payments can be monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually.  Dividends and distributions can be increased, decreased, or eliminated.  Interest payments by bonds do not change after the purchase.
The markets are volatile.  Over long periods of time, the overall return of the stock market beats returns from real estate. The most successful investor in history is Warren Buffett. Warren Buffett says, "His favorite holding period is forever".

Why Do People Trade?

    Some people are drawn to trading as the believe they will have the life of the nice cars (Porsches, Lamborghinis, and Ferraris), yacht and the big house with a pool.  

     Most brokerages have a website as a platform,  When you buy a stock, you are said to be long the stock. When you sell a stock without owning the stock first, this is known as shorting.  To close a short position, you buy to cover the position.  Shorting involves a few steps which are:

  1.  Borrow from your brokerage
  2. Then you make an exchange by selling to another person
  3. Cover (buy it back)
  4. Return the shares
   With shorting you just click on sell and confirm. The shares are borrowed and than sold to a person. The result of this step is that you receive money from the sale.  When you want to close the position, you put in a buy order (covering the stock).  When the buy order is executed. you pay the price for the shares and then they shares are automatically returned to the brokerage.  When shorting, you want the price of the stock or instrument to go down.  Basically, you pocket the difference between what you sold it for and what you bought back the shares. 

     When you short a stock, your risk is unlimited as the price of the instrument can go up and up.  When you go long a stock, your risk is what you paid for your shares.

     Many discount brokerages have a website for their basic platform and separate program as a stand alone application.  A person can invest or trade using the website.  However, these websites are more geared for the investor.   As an investor, you are holding on to the stock for the long term, so the price volality day to day is not of major concern.  However,  you take advantage of order types to limit your loses or to lock in a profit.  The platforms for trading are often a stand alone application.  An example of this is the discount brokerage Questrade. If you use the website to login, you will be able to see a basic site that can be used to buy and sell stocks and regular orders.  When people buy a stock to hold for the long term, they will not put a STOP order before they even execute the buy order. Also, they will not set a stop order as they will hold the investment for a very long time.  Questrade also has stand alone application called Questrade Edge, which can be downloaded from the website.  Questrade Edge allows a person to view risk graphs, better charts, more order types etc.

    An order type that is beneficial to a trader is a bracket order.

When a person wants to go long they can choose the entry price, exit price and a stop order to limit their losses if the stock goes against them all in one order.    Obviously, the exit price will be hire than the entry price and the stop order will be less than the entry point.  The exit and stop loss orders are contingent on the entry point order being executed or not.  Once the exit and the stop loss orders become active, the one that gets executed will automatically cancel the other.

   A trader can also use a bracket order when shorting.  The difference would be that the buy to close would be set a lower price than the sell price (entry price) and the stop loss would be set at a hire price than sell price.  When shorting a stock, the risk one takes is infinite as the stock can go up and up in price.  So,  a stop loss order will limit your loss.  In Questrade Edge, a stop loss order (market order) is not allowed on Canadian Exchanges. Instead, a stop limit order is used when you pick the stop price and an offset.   For example, if a stock is trading at $30 and the stop limit is set for $29 and an offset of $0.05 then you stop would be executed at any price between $28.95 to $29.00. It is usually best to set the offset to $0.05 or more, to limit the chance of blowing through the stop price.

  Some people think trading is used to pay the bills such as electric bill, gas bill or mortgage. If you approach trading like this then you will end up with nothing.  All traders have losing trades. Basically, the idea of trading is to risk a X percentage of your account to make 2X or more percentage.  For example, if you risk 2% on a $10000 account means that you are risking $200 to try to make $400. So by managing your risk via stop orders, a trader can trade another day.  Money management is extremely important to the success of a trader.  It is all in the risk to reward ratio. A trader should set goals such as if account reaches $10000.00,  3% will be moved to an investing account.  The investing account can be used to purchase income generating assets that can be used to pay bills in the future.  I believe a trader should already have an investment account throwing off passive income prior to starting trading.

Why Do People Not Want To Trade?

     People believe trading involves staring at the monitors constantly all day long.  Being a trader does not mean you have to look at the monitors all day long.   People often hear that 90% of traders lose money.  No wonder people do not want to be a trader. 

Tax Treatment of Trades

     Completed trades are taxed different then dividend income. Trades are taxed as capital gains or losses.  In the United States, positons for less than a year are taxed as short-term capital gains. The short-term capital gains rate is higher than long term capital gains. In Canada, the Canada Revenue taxes capital gains as either "capital" or "income".  To be treated as capital, the person will have more sources of income which make up a bulk of their income.  When being treated as capital, the tax rate is 50% of your marginal rate.  Your net capital gains is equal to the total capital gains minus total capital losses.  If you trading is set up as business or the government considers it income, then you will be taxed at 100% of marginal rate. 

How To Be A Successful Trader  

         A person can be successful in trading if they follow money management principles. A person must lean about performance metrics like intra-trade drawdown, accuracy rate, risk, reward, and risk to reward ratio. Using a bracket order can help  limit your losses.  Ideally, a trader wants to keep track  of intra-trade drawdown for all their trades. Average intra-trade drawdown shows how much trades move against you.  So, the average intra-trade drawdown shows a trader how good or bad they are at picking entry points.

      You can make exceptional money in trading but it will be a slow process.  Do not believe all the hype that you be living in mansions or having expensive luxury cars within a couple years.  Do not take money out of your account on an ongoing basis to pay bills  or to treat yourself.  The account balance will have to be a large amount prior to taking money out consistently. Treat trading as a business , whereas the account balance is your business. The goal is to grow your account size.

      Even the most successful traders in the world have losing years.   

You can see my trading results by clicking on the Trading tab above.

DISCLAIMER
I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

Depending on the trading instruments used, the loss can exceed your initial investment or outlay of capital.  Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.


Thursday, December 21, 2017

Trading Account Update: December 21 2017

As previously stated on this blog, that I have started a trading account with a balance below $1000.00.   I started to add $50.00 every two weeks but that has stopped due to a recent job loss.  The following table shows my stats from the start of 2016:

                               
                               # of trades :                42
                               Total Capital added:    $250.00
                               Trading Acct Balance:  $4480.63
                               Average Drawdown:   $70.99
                               Average Loss:             $64.75
                               Average Accuracy:    85.71%
                               Average Risk:              $86.13
                               Average Reward:         $102.03
                               Average R/R :             1: 1.185 

Note:  Some of the numbers above around rounded.



        I have been trading penny stocks, stocks, REITS and options.  Any dividends that will be received from this account will stay within the account. The accuracy rate is high. Does this mean that I am a super trader? No it does not.  The risk to reward ratio states of every $1.00 of risk there is reward of  $1.185.  Ideally, a trader should aim for a 1:2  risk to reward ratio which causes the accuracy rate to be lower.

      The drawdown above is inter-trade drawdown.  This type of draw down is the dollar amount the trade moves against you.  Why is it important to keep track of inter-trade drawdown?  It helps you know if you are picking good entry points.  It is normal for trades to have inter-trade drawdown. 

     The trading account is up 19.14% year to date.  For 2016, the trading account increased 325.62%.  What a difference a year to year.  From inception, the trading account is up 344.75%.

Note:  The trades are listed under the Trading Tab above with all the trades listed as of Dec 21 2017


DISCLAIMER
I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.

Wednesday, December 6, 2017

Dividend Income Update : November 2017



      
        The month of Nov 2017 is another month of dividend income landing in my accounts. This money is used to help pay my expenses if it is needed. If the money is not needed, it is ALL used to purchase new investments to further increase my cash flow.

       
 Non-registered Account

  • Bank of Montreal (BMO) - $31.50
  • Cineplex  (CGX) - $14.00
  • Emera (EMA) - $56.50
  • Enerplus (ERF)  -$ 5.58
  • Dream Office REIT   (D.UN)  - $52.58
  • Shaw Communications (SJR.B)    - $19.75

    TFSA
    • A&W Royalties Income Fund (AW.UN) - $5.17
    • Boston Pizza Royalties Income Fund   (BPF.UN) - $26.91
    • iShares 1-5 yr Laddered Canadian Corporate Bond ETF (CBO) - $0.57
    • Cominar REIT (CUF.UN) - $16.72
    • Dream Office REIT   (D.UN)  - $14.00
    • Horizons Natural Gas Yield ETF (HNY)  - $4.36
    • Killam Properties REIT (KMP.UN) - $  15.60


    Total = $263.24
       

        I received a total of $263.24 in dividend income for the month of November 2017.  This represents a 15.07% decrease from 3 months ago and 9.14% decrease year over year.

        I received $64.05 from option premiums within my investment accounts in November 2017.

         I received a total of $3707.65 in dividend income for 2017 as of this writing.

         I will update my dividend income tab with the new amount I will include my option premium income also.  It is great to see money from passive income sources deposited into my brokerage account every single month.

    How was your dividend income for November 2017?

    Disclosure : Long all securities above.

    Photo Credit: www.mipaq,co.za

    DISCLAIMER
    I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

    Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.

    Sunday, December 3, 2017

    Portfolio Update: Nov 2017

      The month of November is now behind us.  The price of oil trading marches above $55 per barrel during the last month.

        I purchased 300 shares of Enbridge (ENB.TO) at $44.10 per share for a total cost of $13234.95 including commissions.  This purchase was made in my margin account. I did not have the entire amount in cash, so a little margin was used. At time of purchase, the dividend was $2.44 per share  per year. Since the time of purchase, the dividend was increased 10% starting with the March 1 2018 payment date.

        I previously send in a couple checks to purchase shares in ENB directly with the transfer agent.  For investing with the transfer agent for this particular stock the purchases actual happen on the same date as the dividend payment date.  There is no commission.  The downside of purchasing shares this way is that you have no say in the purchase price of your shares.  On Dec 1 2017, I purchased  5.743 shares of ENB at $47.58 per share for a total cost of $273.26.

       I sold 1 put contract in Canadian National Railway (CNR.TO) at $96 and a Dec 15 2017.  The net premium received was $64.05. For disclosure, I own 38 shares of CNR.TO inside my tfsa.

    Shares Purchased Via DRIP

    0.249 shares of  ENB.TO @ $46.63 for a total cost of $11.62.


    As of  Dec 2 2017,  the value of the portfolio is $111617.12. This is a 2.87% increase over last month's total.  The spreadsheet in the investment tab above has been updated.

    Disclosure:  Long CNR,ENB

    Please Note:  All stocks are from the Toronto Stock Exchange except TTR which trades on the Venture Exchange.
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    DISCLAIMER
    I am not a financial planner, financial advisor, accountant or tax attorney. The information on this blog represents my own thoughts and opinions and should NOT be taken as investment or business advice.

    Every individual should do their due diligence to make their own financial decisions based on their financial situation and tolerance for risk.